class: center, middle <h1>Create DCPs:<br><span class="colour">DCP-o-matic</span></h1> <p> </p> <p>Reto Kromer<br>AV Preservation by reto.ch</p> --- <h1>What is DCP-o-matic?</h1> <ul> <li>“Free and open-source: digital cinema democratized.”</li> <li>“Get any content cinema-ready.”</li> <li>Carl Hetherington is the author and main maintainer</li> <li>based on FFmpeg for the format conversions</li> </ul> --- <h1>DCP Folder Content</h1> <ul> <li><b class="colour">ASSETMAP.xml</b> (SMPTE) or<br><b class="colour">ASSETMAP</b> (Interop, deprecated)</li> <li><b class="colour">cpl_</b><i>Composition_Play_List</i><b class="colour">.xml</b></li> <li><b class="colour">j2c_</b><i>Image_Track</i><b class="colour">.mxf</b></li> <li><b class="colour">pcm_</b><i>Sound_Track</i><b class="colour">.mxf</b></li> <li><b class="colour">pkl_</b><i>Packing_List</i><b class="colour">.xml</b></li> <li><b class="colour">sub_</b><i>Subtitle_Track</i><b class="colour">.mxf</b></li> <li><b class="colour">VOLINDEX.xml</b> (SMPTE) or<br><b class="colour">VOLINDEX</b> (Interop, deprecated)</li> </ul> --- <h1>Image Specifications</h1> <dl> <dt>container</dt><dd>MXF (.mxf)</dd> <dt>codec</dt><dd>JPEG 2000 with lossy compression<dd> <dt>resolution</dt><dd>4K or 2K</dd> <dt>image format</dt><dd>flat, scope or full</dd> <dt>colour space</dt><dd>XYZ with 12-bit depth per channel</dd> </dl> --- <h1>Image Format</h1> <dl> <dt>flat</dt><dd>4K DCP: 3996 × 2160 pixel<br>2K DCP: 1998 × 1080 pixel</dd> <dt>scope</dt><dd>4K DCP: 4096 × 1716 pixel<br>2K DCP: 2048 × 858 pixel</dd> <dt>full</dt><dd>4K DCP: 4096 × 2160 pixel<br>2K DCP: 2048 × 1080 pixel</dd> </dl> --- <h1>Sound Specifications</h1> <dl> <dt>container</dt><dd>MXF (.mxf)</dd> <dt>codec</dt><dd>WAVE</dd> <dt>sampling rate</dt><dd>96 kHz or 48 kHz</dd> <dt>quantisation</dt><dd>24 bit</dd> <dt>channels</dt><dd>2 (stereo) or 6 (5.1 surround)</dd> </dl> --- <h1>Subtitles Specifications</h1> <dl> <dt>container</dt><dd>MXF (.mxf)</dd> <dt>codec</dt><dd>XML</dd> <dt>content</dt><dd>structured UTF-8 text</dd> </dl> <p class="small">SubRip files (.srt) and SubStation Alpha files (.ssa or .ass) are possible as well.</p> --- <h1>Naming Conventions</h1> <p>It’s quite complicated …</p> <p class="small"><i>Example:</i> Hue_TST-1-25_F-178_XX-XX_10_2K_20220512_SMPTE_OV</p> <p>The good news is that DCP-o-matic can handle this for you.</p> --- <h1>Hard Disk Drive Formatting</h1> <dl> <dt>ext2</dt><dd>works correctly in all cinemas</dd> <dt>NTFS</dt><dd>works correctly in most cinemas</dd> </dl> <p class="small">Or use the <i>DCP-o-matic Disk Writer</i> tool.</p> --- <h1>DCP Settings: General</h1> <dl> <dt>standard</dt><dd><b class="colour">SMPTE</b> or Interopt (deprecated)</span></dd> <dt>frame rate</dt><dd><b class="colour">24</b>, 25 or 30 fps for both 4K and 2K<br><b class="colour">48</b>, 50 or 60 fps for 2K only</dd> <dt>bit rate</dt><dd>maximum 250 Mbit/s</dd> </dl> --- <h1>DCP Settings: Image</h1> <dl> <dt>resolution</dt><dd>4K or 2K</dd> <dt>format</dt><dd><b class="colour">flat</b>, scope or full</dd> </dl> --- <h1>DCP Settings: Sound</h1> <dl> <dt>sampling rate</dt><dd>96 kHz or 48 kHz</span></dd> <dt>quantisation</dt><dd><b class="colour">24 bit</b></dd> <dt>layout</dt><dd>5.1 or 7.1<br>maximum 16 channels</dd> </dl> --- <h1>DCP Settings: Subtitles</h1> <dl> <dt>timed text</dt><dd>structured UTF-8 text</dd> </dl> <p>Subtitle files can be generated with the open-source tools <a href="https://www.belle-nuit.com/belle-nuit-subtitler" target="_blank">Belle Nuit Subtitler</a> (macOS) and <a href="https://www.nikse.dk/subtitleedit/" target="_blank">Subtitle Edit</a> (Windows).</p> <p class="small">You can actually compile both on any modern computer running under Linux, macOS and Windows.</p> --- <h1>Source Elements</h1> <dl> <dt>image</dt><dd>single-images-based content (“film”)<br> stream-based content (“video”)</dd> <dt>sound</dt><dd>monaural sound (“mono”, 1.0)<br>stereophonic sound (“stereo”, 2.0)<br>surround sound (5.1)</dd> <dt>subtitles</dt><dd>text files</dd> </dl> --- <h1>Example 1: Feature</h1> <dl> <dt>from film</dt><dd>aspect ratio 1.66 : 1<br>stereo soundtrack</dd> <dt>to DCP</dt><dd>4K flat with pillar-box</dd> </dl> --- <h1>4K-Image Workflow</h1> <dl> <dt>film with 5 : 3 aspect ratio</dt><dd>4K scan (4096 × 2458 pixel)</dd> <dt>scaling</dt><dd>4096 × 2458 pixel to <b class="colour">3600 × 2160 pixel</b></dd> <dt>padding</dt><dd>3600 × 2160 pixel into 3996 × 2160 pixel</dd> <dt>DCP</dt><dd>4K flat (3996 × 2160 pixel, pillar-boxed)</ff> </dl> --- <h1>Example 2: Amateur Film</h1> <dl> <dt>from film</dt><dd>aspect ratio 1.33 : 1<br>mono soundtrack</dd> <dt>to DCP</dt><dd>2K flat with pillar-box</dd> </dl> --- <h1>2K-Image Workflow</h1> <dl> <dt>film with 4 : 3 aspect ratio</dt><dd>2K scan (2048 × 1536 pixel)</dd> <dt>scaling</dt><dd>2048 × 1536 pixel to <b class="colour">1440 × 1080 pixel</b></dd> <dt>padding</dt><dd>1440 × 1080 pixel into 1998 × 1080 pixel</dd> <dt>DCP</dt><dd>2K flat (1998 × 1080 pixel, pillar-boxed)</ff> </dl> --- class: center, middle <p><b class="colour">AV Preservation by reto.ch</b></p> <p>Sandrainstrasse 3<br> 3007 Bern<br> Switzerland</p> <p>web: reto.ch<br> email: info@reto.ch</p> --- class: center, middle <p>This presentation is part of our<br>audio-visual preservation<br><a href="https://avpres.net/training/">training series</a>.</p> <p> </p> <p class="small"><img src="/by.png" alt="CC BY" width="200"><br> Copyright 2017–2025 by Reto Kromer<br> This presentation is released under a <a href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" target="_blank">CC BY 4.0</a> License.</p> <p> </p> <p class="small">Last updated on 2024-06-06.</p>